Two CANDU-6 PHWRs operate at the Cernavoda plant, 150 km east of Bucharest. In addition to electricity, the plant provides district heating to the adjacent town of Cernavoda.

Cernavoda was originally planned to be a five-unit plant. In December 2022 the Romanian government adopted a draft law covering a state support agreement with Societatea Nationala Nuclearelectrica (SNN) subsidiary
EnergoNuclear relating to the estimated €7 billion ($7.4 billion) project to complete Cernavoda 3&4. In June 2023 the Romanian government and Nuclearelectrica signed a support agreement that allows for the restart of the project to construct the two units. Nuclearelectrica now expects the two units to enter commercial operation in 2030 and 2031 respectively.

Cernovoda 1, which started operation in 1996, is to be upgraded to allow the reactor to operate for an additional 30 years, to 2060. In October 2023 Korea Hydro & Nuclear Power announced it had signed an agreement with Canada’s Candu Energy and Italy’s Ansaldo Nucleare to jointly carry out the refurbishment works. Separately, in June 2024, Nuclearelectrica signed an agreement with Canadian Nuclear Partners for the provision of project management services and technical assistance during the refurbishment.

A NuScale small modular reactor plant is planned for a  site at Doicești in Romania's Muntenia region. In May 2023 the USA, along with multinational public-private partners from Japan, South Korea and the United Arab Emirates, announced funding for the project.

Nuclear electricity production by age of reactor